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  Propriedades físicas e químicas:

Propriedades físicas

Aparência:
It usually presents a silvery white metallic color, with a smooth surface and high gloss. Different surface effects can be obtained through different surface treatment processes, such as mirror polishing, brushing, etc., making it suitable for both functional and decorative applications.

Densidade:
The density is generally between 7.93-8.00 g/cm³ , depending on the specific grade of stainless steel. For example, the density of H-beam stainless steel made from 304-grade material is about 7.93 g/cm³ , while that of 316-grade material is about 7.98 g/cm³ . This is slightly higher than ordinary carbon steel.

Ponto de fusão:
O ponto de fusão é relativamente alto, geralmente em torno de 1398-1454°C . For instance, the melting point of 304 stainless steel is about 1400-1450°C , which ensures good stability in high-temperature environments, making it ideal for structural applications exposed to heat.

Coeficiente de expansão térmica:
The coefficient of thermal expansion is relatively small. In the range of room temperature to 100°C, the coefficient of thermal expansion of 304 stainless steel is about 17.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C . This feature enables H-beam stainless steel to maintain excellent dimensional stability in environments with significant temperature fluctuations.

Condutividade térmica:
The thermal conductivity is poor, with a thermal conductivity coefficient of about 16-27 W/(m·K) , which is much lower than that of metals like copper or aluminum. This gives H-beam stainless steel certain thermal insulation properties, making it advantageous in applications requiring reduced heat transfer.

Condutividade elétrica:
It has certain electrical conductivity, but the conductivity is relatively low. For example, the conductivity of 304 stainless steel is about 1.4 × 10⁶ S/m , which is only about 4% of the conductivity of copper. This makes it unsuitable for high-current electrical applications.

Propriedades químicas

Resistência à corrosão:
This is one of the most important chemical properties of H-beam stainless steel. A dense passivation film forms on its surface, preventing oxygen, water, and other corrosive agents from contacting the metal matrix, thereby effectively preventing corrosion. For example:

• 304 stainless steel H-beams exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in atmospheric, water, and weak acid/alkaline environments.
• 316 stainless steel H-beams, containing molybdenum, are highly resistant to chloride ion corrosion and are often used in marine environments or chemical industries exposed to chloride ions.

Antioxidação:
H-beam stainless steel exhibits excellent oxidation resistance at both room temperature and elevated temperatures. For example, 310S stainless steel H-beams can withstand high temperatures without significant oxidation, making them suitable for use in high-temperature furnace tubes and similar applications.

Estabilidade química:
In general chemical media, H-beam stainless steel demonstrates high chemical stability and does not easily react with common chemicals. However, in specific strong corrosive media, such as concentrated nitric acid or hydrofluoric acid, its corrosion resistance may be compromised.

Passivação:
When exposed to air or after passivation treatment, a protective passivation film forms on the surface of H-beam stainless steel. This film enhances corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Passivation treatment typically involves immersing the stainless steel in a solution containing oxidants, such as nitric acid or potassium dichromate, to promote the formation and repair of the passivation film.

Aplicativo:

H-beam stainless steel is widely used in various fields due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good processing performance. Some key applications include:

• Construction and architecture: Used for structural frameworks, railings, handrails, and artistic sculptures due to its aesthetic appeal and durability.
• Industrial equipment: Ideal for manufacturing reactors, valves, and pressure vessels in chemical and petrochemical industries, where resistance to corrosion and high temperatures is critical.
• Marine environments: 316-grade H-beams are commonly used in offshore structures, shipbuilding, and coastal installations due to their superior resistance to chloride ion corrosion.
• Food processing and medical industries: Stainless steel H-beams meet strict hygiene standards and are used in food machinery, containers, and medical devices, ensuring safety and sterility.
• High-temperature applications: Grades like 310S are used in furnace components and heat-resistant structures, thanks to their excellent oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures.