Physical and chemical properties:

 Physical properties

Appearance:

It usually presents a silvery white metallic color, with a smooth surface and high gloss. Different surface effects can be obtained through different drawing or finishing processes, such as bright annealing, matte finishing, etc. Stainless steel wires are often used in applications where their aesthetic appeal, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties are highly valued.

Density:

The density is generally between 7.93-8.00g/cm³. For example, the density of commonly used 304 stainless steel wire is about 7.93g/cm³, and the density of 316 stainless steel wire is about 7.98g/cm³, which is slightly higher than ordinary carbon steel.

Melting point:

The melting point is relatively high, generally around 1398-1454℃. For example, the melting point of 304 stainless steel is about 1400-1450℃, which makes it have good stability in high temperature environments.

Coefficient of thermal expansion:

The coefficient of thermal expansion is relatively small. In the range of room temperature to 100℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of 304 stainless steel is about 17.2×10⁻⁶/℃. This feature enables stainless steel wires to maintain good dimensional stability in an environment with large temperature changes.

Thermal conductivity:

The thermal conductivity is poor, and its thermal conductivity coefficient is about 16 – 27W/(m・K), which is much lower than that of copper, aluminum, and other metals, so it has certain thermal insulation performance.

Electrical conductivity:

It has certain electrical conductivity, but the conductivity is relatively low. The conductivity of 304 stainless steel is about 1.4×10⁶ S/m, which is only about 4% of the conductivity of copper.

Chemical properties

Corrosion resistance:

This is one of the most important chemical properties of stainless steel wires. Because a dense passivation film can be formed on its surface, this passivation film can prevent oxygen, water, etc., from contacting the metal matrix, thereby effectively preventing corrosion. For example, 304 stainless steel has good corrosion resistance in environments such as atmosphere, water, and weak acids and alkalis; 316 stainless steel contains molybdenum, which is more resistant to chloride ion corrosion and is often used in marine environments or chemical environments exposed to chloride ions.

Antioxidation:

Stainless steel wires have good oxidation resistance at both room temperature and higher temperatures. For example, 310S stainless steel wires can withstand high temperatures in extreme environments without being easily oxidized and can be used in high-temperature furnace components and other occasions.

Chemical stability:

In general chemical media, stainless steel wires have high chemical stability and are not easy to react chemically with common chemicals. However, in some specific strong corrosive media, such as concentrated nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, etc., the corrosion resistance of stainless steel wires may be affected.

Passivation:

After the stainless steel wire is exposed to air or undergoes passivation treatment, a passivation film will form on the surface. This passivation film can improve the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of stainless steel. Passivation treatment usually involves immersing the stainless steel wire in a solution containing an oxidant, such as nitric acid, potassium dichromate, etc., to promote the formation and repair of the passivation film.

Application:

Stainless steel wires are widely used in many fields due to their excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good flexibility. In the field of medical devices, they are used to manufacture surgical sutures, stents, and orthodontic wires, ensuring biocompatibility and sterility. In the construction industry, they are often used for reinforcement, fencing, and decorative meshes, combining beauty with durability. In mechanical manufacturing, they can be processed into springs, fasteners, and cables to ensure stable operation of equipment. In the food processing industry, stainless steel wires are used to make filters, conveyor belts, and sieves, meeting strict hygiene standards. In addition, in the fields of chemical equipment, electronic appliances, etc., stainless steel wires are also indispensable. They are used to manufacture wire ropes, sensors, and protective meshes, adapting well to complex working environments.